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China's Pv Industry

The slow development of domestic PV market is currently inhibit our photovoltaic technology to achieve leapfrog development and ranks among the world's leading photovoltaic manufacturers, the core of the problem, the industry's investments have resulted in a certain degree of disorder bubble. Countries need to fully understand the major strategic significance of photovoltaic industry has introduced a fast-developing the domestic PV market policy. PV need to strengthen horizontal cooperation between enterprises and cooperation, can effectively avoid the vicious competition among enterprises, which regulate development of the industry.

Energy supply security and greenhouse gas emissions would be too long-standing, while the solar energy is the future to sustainably meet human energy needs of the most reliable guarantee, so can solar energy directly into electricity, photovoltaic technology from the beginning, the birth of a highly sought after. In recent years, China's PV industry a timely opportunity to seize the international market has been developing rapidly. China's solar cell production in 2002 compared with only 6MW, which in 2007 reached the end of the 1088MW, rank first in the world, and with Europe and Japan, one-third of the world.

Investment in market development is slow, serious phenomena of disorder

However, with the rapid expansion of the scale of production is accompanied by many problems and obstacles, the most important in the following areas:

First, the domestic photovoltaic market is slow. This is currently hampered by leaps and bounds of China's photovoltaic technology development and ranks among the world's leading photovoltaic manufacturing the most core issues.

Solar, wind and other renewable energy resources in almost every place in the world, not what country can control, and be able to control the malpractices can be translated into useful technology. Can be said that the future of new energy technologies constitute the core competitiveness of the country an important part. Based on this common understanding, the world's countries are to develop their own renewable energy technologies, while the PV as the most strategic new energy technologies more widely supported.

In recent years, the rapid development of photovoltaic technology on the one hand benefited from the input of capital and talent, on the other hand also benefited from the market pull. Since the current cost of photovoltaic power generation close to 10 times the cost of conventional electricity, Germany, Japan, and Spain have adopted the approach to the market price subsidies, driving, making domestic photovoltaic industry has been the rapid development of photovoltaic technology continues to improve, while the light volt power generation costs to decline rapidly.

The reason why China's photovoltaic industry is growing so fast the main beneficiaries of the international market pull, the current domestic market has lagged far behind industrial development. Long-term renewable energy plan put forward to the cumulative installed PV power by 2010 to reach 300MW, 2020, to reach 1.8GW. PV manufacturing industry in China has been under considerable development in the current photovoltaic development goals set by the Government is significantly lower, insufficient to support the local PV market development, which will indirectly affect the local PV manufacturing industry. 2007 China solar cell production is 1088MW, while the installed capacity of only 20MW, that China's production of solar cells almost entirely dependent on export.

From the international market point of view, first of all, the market volume growth has come down significantly. The Government of Spain has photovoltaic electricity price from 0.45 euros / kWh down to 0.32 ~ 0.34 euros / kWh of capacity from its 2009 subsidy in 2008 close to 1000 megawatts to 500 megawatts down. Germany's PV subsidies are more than 7% decline. Short-term oversupply of photovoltaic products is a foregone conclusion. Under such circumstances, countries are likely by raising the threshold to limit the access of foreign products into their own city, often if not excellent quality and good brand image, many domestic small and medium enterprises will be very difficult to keep up with solar energy market, the development of standards that could eventually will lose out. Therefore, quick-start China's PV market for the photovoltaic industry is particularly urgent and important.

Second, the disorder led to a certain degree of investment bubble.

The current international and domestic market is limited, but China has fifty to sixty companies engaged in polysilicon, there are 23 100 companies engaged in solar cells and modules.

In particular, the upstream polysilicon, is not 300 U.S. dollars a kilogram last year, two of the stock market, and capacity can only be brought about by the rapid release of the price falling. In addition, the silicon material prepared by the technology needs of more complex, involving many disciplines and processes are very complex, can be said to invest in PV industry chain, the largest section of the highest technical difficulty. 1,000 tons of general construction plant required 18 months duration, an investment of one billion yuan or more, the best economy of scale to reach 3,000 tons / years. Projects in China over the introduction of Russian technology, it is difficult to achieve economies of scale, while energy consumption is relatively high. At the same time, such projects, if not resolved in the technical aspects of the recycling by-product, then, it will cause serious pollution of the environment. Thus, China's polysilicon companies will soon face the dual pressures: cost and environmental protection.

Third, the R & D and innovation capability is weak.

China's PV industry has not established a comprehensive R & D and innovation system also lacks the support of a number of high-tech manufacturing industries, so the key to China's solar cell production equipment basically rely on imports. Although many devices (such as single crystal furnace, diffusion furnace, laminating machine, laser scribing machines, etc.) have made extensive use of technology and start, but the key components of domestic equipment is still dependent on imports Moreover, many of the key equipment are still blank (such as wire cutting, PECVD, automatic screen printing machine, etc.). Many solar cell manufacturers a comprehensive introduction of foreign production lines or basic use of imported equipment. This state of affairs will lead to China's PV industry has been branded a "foundry workshop" for all eternity.

PV production technology upgrades faster, the current mainstream solar cell technology is also faced with thin, large-scale of the development trend of the famous German solar cell production line manufacturer Schmid companies to very avant-garde concept - to the battery components from the silica brick 1000MW-class production line, estimated at 2 to 3 years in Europe, the first to construct. Hence, photovoltaic technology has been moving in the whole industrial chain optimization, automated direction, the face of China's current production line mainly rely on imports, and the industry chain man fighting the status quo, we need to take effective measures to deal with them.

Need policy support and industry standards

This list is a few core issues, China's PV industry can be described as a "lifeline." In this "pulse", for I think the most urgent needs to be done are the following:

First, countries need to fully understand the PV industry, the major strategic significance.

First, the need to strengthen the strategic photovoltaic research, understand the international and domestic situation, to develop a reasonable strategic development planning;

Secondly, in full recognition of the significance of photovoltaic industry to form a government under the premise of the specialized management agencies, the PV industry development planning and management into China's energy strategic plan and implementation steps;

Finally, the establishment of national PV R & D platform, actively carry out international cooperation in photovoltaic technology, but also constantly improve China's own R & D and innovation capabilities. Countries have in the 973 plans and 863 plans for polysilicon and solar cells both project to support it. But the solar photovoltaic industry is a systematic project, the need for sustained a large number of inputs, wants the country to establish production, learning and research in close connection with national PV R & D system.

Second, the introduction of rapid opening up the domestic PV market policy. First of all, the need for electricity price subsidies for details. Currently the State only for wind and biomass electricity price subsidies rules, while the photovoltaic power generation internet or a "thing" approach, which will greatly restrict the development of PV market. The Government should be developed and developed countries in Europe a similar grid subsidies to promote domestic solar energy applications in the early stages of development can be the Government's policy support.

We believe that only the early stages of formation in the market to break the laws of the market, actively on the grid electricity price subsidies, domestic solar energy companies to give a substantial incentive to quickly develop the market, self-improvement mechanism for the formation of domestic solar city, often followed by, the Government should take the lead in the use of solar energy, in the municipal, transportation and other areas of priority to the use of solar lighting products, and vigorously carry out demonstration and extension. Can be carried out in the city planned to use hundreds of thousands of roofs, or one million solar roofs program and so on, in the desert to carry out large-scale grid-scale power station construction and research. Again, in remote rural areas and make full use of solar power energy.

Given China's current economic development of inter-regional imbalances, and many remote areas lack the necessary power facilities. Huge investment compared to conventional electricity network, solar power can in the shortest time, to a smaller supply of the necessary cost of living power. The state should actively play to the advantage of solar power to solve our basic electricity supply in remote areas.

Third, companies need to enhance horizontal integration and cooperation. Current domestic solar energy enterprises blindly launched a common phenomenon goes much higher raw material prices rose, while a product selling prices continued to drop. PV need to strengthen horizontal cooperation between enterprises and cooperation, can effectively avoid the vicious competition among enterprises, which regulate development of the industry. In addition, such joint and co-operation is also to promote society's profound understanding of the photovoltaic industry and to promote the country as soon as possible to effectively support the policy needs.